:orphan:
.. _chart_gallery.outliers:
===========================
Machine Learning - Outliers
===========================
.. Necessary Code Elements
.. ipython:: python
:suppress:
import vastorbit as vo
import numpy as np
np.random.seed(123)
# Very tight cluster (makes outliers very obvious)
N_main = 100
x_main = np.random.normal(50, 2, N_main) # Small std dev
y_main = np.random.normal(50, 2, N_main) # Small std dev
# Many obvious outliers spread out
outliers_x = np.array([
20, 25, 30, 80, 75, 70, # Left and right
50, 50, 50, 50, # Top and bottom (same x)
15, 85, 10, 90, # Corners
40, 60, 35, 65 # Diagonal
])
outliers_y = np.array([
50, 45, 55, 50, 55, 45, # Middle height
20, 25, 80, 75, # Top and bottom
15, 85, 10, 90, # Corners
20, 80, 75, 25 # Diagonal
])
data = vo.VastFrame({
"x": np.concatenate([x_main, outliers_x]),
"y": np.concatenate([y_main, outliers_y]),
})
General
-------
vastorbit's outlier plots offer an essential means of identifying and comprehending outliers within your dataset. These plots provide valuable visual insights into data points that significantly deviate from the expected distribution, facilitating the detection of anomalies or potential data errors. Whether through box plots, scatter plots, or other visualizations, vastorbit equips data analysts with powerful tools to enhance outlier detection and data quality assessment.
Let's begin by importing ``vastorbit``.
.. ipython:: python
import vastorbit as vo
Let's also import ``numpy`` to create a random dataset.
.. ipython:: python
import numpy as np
Let's generate a dataset using the following data.
.. code-block:: python
# Very tight cluster (makes outliers very obvious)
N_main = 100
x_main = np.random.normal(50, 2, N_main) # Small std dev
y_main = np.random.normal(50, 2, N_main) # Small std dev
# Many obvious outliers spread out
outliers_x = np.array([
20, 25, 30, 80, 75, 70, # Left and right
50, 50, 50, 50, # Top and bottom (same x)
15, 85, 10, 90, # Corners
40, 60, 35, 65 # Diagonal
])
outliers_y = np.array([
50, 45, 55, 50, 55, 45, # Middle height
20, 25, 80, 75, # Top and bottom
15, 85, 10, 90, # Corners
20, 80, 75, 25 # Diagonal
])
data = vo.VastFrame({
"x": np.concatenate([x_main, outliers_x]),
"y": np.concatenate([y_main, outliers_y]),
})
In the context of data visualization, we have the flexibility to harness multiple plotting libraries to craft a wide range of graphical representations. vastorbit, as a versatile tool, provides support for several graphic libraries, such as Matplotlib and Plotly. Each of these libraries offers unique features and capabilities, allowing us to choose the most suitable one for our specific data visualization needs.
.. image:: ../../docs/source/_static/plotting_libs.png
:width: 80%
:align: center
.. note::
To select the desired plotting library, we simply need to use the :py:func:`~vastorbit.set_option` function. vastorbit offers the flexibility to smoothly transition between different plotting libraries. In instances where a particular graphic is not supported by the chosen library or is not supported within the vastorbit framework, the tool will automatically generate a warning and then switch to an alternative library where the graphic can be created.
Please click on the tabs to view the various graphics generated by the different plotting libraries.
.. ipython:: python
:suppress:
import vastorbit as vo
.. tab:: Plotly
.. ipython:: python
:suppress:
vo.set_option("plotting_lib", "plotly")
We can switch to using the ``plotly`` module.
.. code-block:: python
vo.set_option("plotting_lib", "plotly")
.. tab:: 1D
.. code-block:: python
data.outliers_plot(columns = ["x"])
.. ipython:: python
:suppress:
:okwarning:
fig = data.outliers_plot(columns = ["x"])
fig.write_html("figures/plotting_plotly_outliers_1d_1.html")
.. raw:: html
:file: /Users/badr.ouali/Documents/VastOrbit-master/docs/figures/plotting_plotly_outliers_1d_1.html
.. tab:: 2D
.. code-block:: python
data.outliers_plot(columns = ["x", "y"])
.. ipython:: python
:suppress:
:okwarning:
fig = data.outliers_plot(columns = ["x", "y"])
fig.write_html("figures/plotting_plotly_outliers_2d_1.html")
.. raw:: html
:file: /Users/badr.ouali/Documents/VastOrbit-master/docs/figures/plotting_plotly_outliers_2d_1.html
.. tab:: Matplotlib
.. ipython:: python
:suppress:
vo.set_option("plotting_lib", "matplotlib")
We can switch to using the ``matplotlib`` module.
.. code-block:: python
vo.set_option("plotting_lib", "matplotlib")
.. tab:: 1D
.. ipython:: python
:okwarning:
@savefig plotting_matplotlib_outliers_1d_1.png
data.outliers_plot(columns = ["x"])
.. tab:: 2D
.. ipython:: python
:okwarning:
@savefig plotting_matplotlib_outliers_2d_1.png
data.outliers_plot(columns = ["x", "y"])
___________________
Chart Customization
-------------------
vastorbit empowers users with a high degree of flexibility when it comes to tailoring the visual aspects of their plots.
This customization extends to essential elements such as **color schemes**, **text labels**, and **plot sizes**, as well as a wide range of other attributes that can be fine-tuned to align with specific design preferences and analytical requirements. Whether you want to make your visualizations more visually appealing or need to convey specific insights with precision, vastorbit's customization options enable you to craft graphics that suit your exact needs.
.. Important:: Different customization parameters are available for Plotly and Matplotlib.
For a comprehensive list of customization features, please consult the documentation of the respective
libraries: `plotly `__, `matplotlib `__.
Colors
~~~~~~
.. tab:: Plotly
.. ipython:: python
:suppress:
vo.set_option("plotting_lib", "plotly")
**Custom colors**
.. code-block:: python
data.outliers_plot(
columns = ["x", "y"],
color = "green",
outliers_color = "red",
inliers_color = "pink",
inliers_border_color = "yellow"
)
.. ipython:: python
:suppress:
:okwarning:
fig = data.outliers_plot(
columns = ["x", "y"],
color = "green",
outliers_color = "red",
inliers_color = "pink",
inliers_border_color = "yellow"
)
fig.write_html("figures/plotting_plotly_outliers_2d_plot_custom_color_1.html")
.. raw:: html
:file: /Users/badr.ouali/Documents/VastOrbit-master/docs/figures/plotting_plotly_outliers_2d_plot_custom_color_1.html
.. tab:: Matplolib
.. ipython:: python
:suppress:
vo.set_option("plotting_lib", "matplotlib")
**Custom colors**
.. ipython:: python
:okwarning:
@savefig plotting_matplotlib_outliers_2d_plot_custom_color_1.png
data.outliers_plot(
columns = ["x", "y"],
color = "green",
outliers_color = "red",
inliers_color = "pink",
inliers_border_color = "yellow"
)
____
Size
~~~~
.. tab:: Plotly
.. ipython:: python
:suppress:
vo.set_option("plotting_lib", "plotly")
**Custom Width and Height**
.. code-block:: python
data.outliers_plot(columns = ["x", "y"], width = 300, height = 300)
.. ipython:: python
:suppress:
:okwarning:
fig = data.outliers_plot(columns = ["x", "y"], width = 300, height = 300)
fig.write_html("figures/plotting_plotly_outliers_2d_plot_custom_size.html")
.. raw:: html
:file: /Users/badr.ouali/Documents/VastOrbit-master/docs/figures/plotting_plotly_outliers_2d_plot_custom_size.html
.. tab:: Matplolib
.. ipython:: python
:suppress:
vo.set_option("plotting_lib", "matplotlib")
**Custom Width and Height**
.. ipython:: python
:okwarning:
@savefig plotting_matplotlib_outliers_2d_plot_single_custom_size.png
data.outliers_plot(columns = ["x", "y"], width = 6, height = 3)
_____
Text
~~~~
.. tab:: Plotly
.. ipython:: python
:suppress:
vo.set_option("plotting_lib", "plotly")
**Custom Title**
.. code-block:: python
data.outliers_plot(columns = ["x", "y"], ).update_layout(title_text = "Custom Title")
.. ipython:: python
:suppress:
:okwarning:
fig = data.outliers_plot(columns = ["x", "y"], ).update_layout(title_text = "Custom Title")
fig.write_html("figures/plotting_plotly_outliers_2d_plot_custom_main_title.html")
.. raw:: html
:file: /Users/badr.ouali/Documents/VastOrbit-master/docs/figures/plotting_plotly_outliers_2d_plot_custom_main_title.html
**Custom Axis Titles**
.. code-block:: python
data.outliers_plot(columns = ["x", "y"], yaxis_title = "Custom Y-Axis Title")
.. ipython:: python
:suppress:
:okwarning:
fig = data.outliers_plot(columns = ["x", "y"], yaxis_title = "Custom Y-Axis Title")
fig.write_html("figures/plotting_plotly_outliers_2d_plot_custom_y_title.html")
.. raw:: html
:file: /Users/badr.ouali/Documents/VastOrbit-master/docs/figures/plotting_plotly_outliers_2d_plot_custom_y_title.html
.. tab:: Matplolib
.. ipython:: python
:suppress:
vo.set_option("plotting_lib", "matplotlib")
**Custom Title Text**
.. ipython:: python
:okwarning:
@savefig plotting_matplotlib_outliers_2d_plot_custom_title_label.png
data.outliers_plot(columns = ["x", "y"], ).set_title("Custom Title")
**Custom Axis Titles**
.. ipython:: python
:okwarning:
@savefig plotting_matplotlib_outliers_2d_plot_custom_yaxis_label.png
data.outliers_plot(columns = ["x", "y"], ).set_ylabel("Custom Y Axis")
.. ipython:: python
:suppress:
from vastorbit._utils._sql._sys import purge_memory
purge_memory()